Iwebhusayithi yaseJalimane ethi "Economic Weekly" yashicilela isihloko esithi "Lokhu kudla sekuvele kuphrintiwe ngabaphrinta be-3D" ngoDisemba 25. Umbhali nguChristina Holland. Okuqukethwe yilesi sihloko kungokulandelayo:
I-nozzle yafutha into enombala wenyama njalo futhi yayifaka ungqimba ngengqimba. Ngemva kwemizuzu engama-20, kwavela into efana ne-oval. Ibukeka ifana kakhulu ne-steak. Ingabe uHideo Oda waseJapan wacabanga ngaleli thuba lapho eqala ukuzama "ukwenza i-prototyping esheshayo" (okungukuthi, ukuphrinta kwe-3D) ngawo-1980? U-Oda wayengomunye wabacwaningi bokuqala ukubheka ngokucophelela indlela yokwenza imikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa izinto ungqimba ngengqimba.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, ubuchwepheshe obufanayo bathuthukiswa ikakhulukazi eFrance nase-United States. Kusukela ngawo-1990 kamuva, ubuchwepheshe buye bathuthuka kakhulu. Ngemva kokuba izinqubo eziningana zokukhiqiza ezengeziwe zifinyelele emazingeni ezentengiselwano, kwaba imboni bese kuba abezindaba abaqaphela lobu buchwepheshe obusha: Imibiko yezindaba yezinso zokuqala eziphrintiwe kanye ne-prosthetics ilethe ukuphrinta kwe-3D emehlweni omphakathi.
Kuze kube ngu-2005, amaphrinta e-3D ayengamadivayisi ezimboni kuphela angenakufinyeleleka kumakhasimende okugcina ngoba ayemakhulu, ebiza kakhulu futhi evame ukuvikelwa yi-patents. Kodwa-ke, imakethe ishintshe kakhulu kusukela ngo-2012—amaphrinta e-3D okudla awasewona awabantu abathanda izifiso kuphela.
Inyama Ehlukile
Empeleni, konke ukudla okunama-paste noma okusanhlamvu kungaphrintwa. Inyama ye-vegan ephrintiwe nge-3D okwamanje ithola ukunakwa okukhulu. Ama-startup amaningi azwe amathuba amakhulu ebhizinisi kulo mzila. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zenyama ye-vegan ephrintiwe nge-3D zifaka phakathi i-pea kanye ne-rice fibers. Indlela ye-layer-by-layer kufanele yenze into abakhiqizi bendabuko abangazange bakwazi ukuyenza iminyaka eminingi: Inyama ye-vegetarian akufanele ibukeke njengenyama kuphela, kodwa futhi inambitheke njengenyama yenkomo noma yengulube. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into ephrintiwe ayiseyona inyama ye-hamburger okulula ukuyilingisa: Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, inkampani yokuqala yakwa-Israyeli ethi "Redefining Meat" yethule i-filet mignon yokuqala ephrintiwe nge-3D.
Inyama Yangempela
Okwamanje, eJapane, abantu benze intuthuko enkulu nakakhulu: Ngo-2021, abacwaningi e-Osaka University basebenzise ama-stem cell avela ezinhlotsheni zenyama yenkomo ezisezingeni eliphezulu i-Wagyu ukuze bakhulise izicubu ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo (amafutha, imisipha kanye nemithambo yegazi), base besebenzisa amaphrinta e-3D ukuze baphrinte. Ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Abacwaningi banethemba lokulingisa ezinye izinyama eziyinkimbinkimbi ngale ndlela. Umenzi wezinsimbi zomculo waseJapan uShimadzu uhlela ukubambisana ne-Osaka University ukudala iphrinta ye-3D ekwazi ukukhiqiza le nyama ekhuliswe ngobuningi ngo-2025.
Ushokoledi
Amaphrinta e-3D asekhaya asavamile ezweni lokudla, kodwa amaphrinta e-chocolate 3D angenye yezinto ezimbalwa ezihlukile. Amaphrinta e-chocolate 3D abiza ama-Euro angaphezu kwama-500. Ibhulokhi eliqinile le-chocolate liba uketshezi embotsheni, bese lingaphrintwa libe ngesimo noma umbhalo onqunyiwe. Izindawo zokudlela zamakhekhe nazo seziqalile ukusebenzisa amaphrinta e-chocolate 3D ukuze zenze izimo noma umbhalo oyinkimbinkimbi okungaba nzima noma okungenakwenzeka ukuwusebenzisa ngokwesiko.
I-Salmon Yemifino
Ngesikhathi lapho i-salmon yasendle yase-Atlantic idotshwa ngokweqile, amasampula enyama evela emapulazini amakhulu e-salmon cishe angcoliswe yizinambuzane, izinsalela zemithi (njengemithi elwa namagciwane), kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo. Njengamanje, amanye ama-startup anikeza ezinye izindlela kubathengi abathanda i-salmon kodwa abangafuni ukudla inhlanzi ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo noma zempilo. Osomabhizinisi abasebasha eLovol Foods e-Austria bakhiqiza i-salmon ebhemayo besebenzisa iphrotheni ye-pea (ukulingisa isakhiwo senyama), i-carrot extract (ngombala) kanye nolwandle (ngokunambitheka).
I-pizza
Ngisho ne-pizza ingaphrintwa nge-3D. Kodwa-ke, ukuphrinta i-pizza kudinga ama-nozzle amaningana: elilodwa ngalinye lenhlama, elinye lesoso likatamatisi kanye nelinye leshizi. Iphrinta ingaphrinta ama-pizza ezimo ezahlukene ngenqubo yezigaba eziningi. Ukusebenzisa lezi zithako kuthatha umzuzu owodwa kuphela. Inkinga ukuthi ama-topping athandwa ngabantu awakwazi ukuphrintwa, futhi uma ufuna ama-topping amaningi kunalawo i-pizza yakho yase-base margherita enawo, kufanele uwafake ngesandla.
Ama-pizza aphrintiwe nge-3D abe yizindaba ngo-2013 lapho i-NASA ixhasa ngezimali iphrojekthi ehlose ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okusha kosomkhathi besikhathi esizayo abaya eMars.
Amaphrinta e-3D avela enkampanini entsha yaseSpain i-Natural Health angaphrinta ne-pizza. Kodwa-ke, lo mshini uyabiza: iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamanje ithengiswa ngo-$6,000.
Ama-noodle
Emuva ngo-2016, umenzi we-pasta uBarilla wabonisa iphrinta ye-3D eyayisebenzisa ufulawa kakolweni we-durum namanzi ukuphrinta i-pasta ngezimo ezingenakwenzeka ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza zendabuko. Maphakathi no-2022, iBarilla yethule imiklamo yayo yokuqala eyi-15 yokuphrinta ye-pasta. Amanani aqala kuma-euro angu-25 kuya kwangu-57 ngokuphakelwa kwe-pasta yomuntu siqu, egxile ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-06-2023
