Iwebhusayithi yesiJalimane ethi "Economic Weekly" ishicilele isihloko esithi "Lokhu kudla sekungaphrintwa kakade ngabashicileli be-3D" ngoDisemba 25. Umbhali nguChristina Holland.Okuqukethwe yi-athikili kungokulandelayo:
Umbhobho wafutha into enombala wenyama ngokuqhubekayo futhi wawufaka ungqimba ngongqimba.Ngemva kwemizuzu engu-20, kwavela into emise okweqanda.Kubukeka kufana ne-steak ngendlela engaqondakali.Ingabe u-Hideo Oda waseJapane wacabanga ngalokhu okungenzeka lapho eqala ukuhlola "i-prototyping esheshayo" (okungukuthi, ukuphrinta kwe-3D) ngawo-1980?U-Oda wayengomunye wabacwaningi bokuqala ukubheka kanzima indlela yokwenza imikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa ungqimba lwezinto zokwakha.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, kwathuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo ikakhulukazi eFrance nase-United States.Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s kwakamuva, ubuchwepheshe buye bathuthuka ngokugxumagxuma kanye nemingcele.Ngemva kokuba izinqubo eziningana zokukhiqiza izithasiselo zifinyelele emazingeni okuhweba, yimboni kanye nabezindaba ababuqaphela lobu buchwepheshe obusha: Imibiko yezindaba yezinso zokuqala ezinyathelisiwe nezitho zokwenziwa yaletha ukunyathelisa kwe-3D emehlweni omphakathi.
Kuze kube ngu-2005, amaphrinta e-3D kwakungamadivayisi emboni kuphela lapho amakhasimende angafinyeleleki khona ngoba ayemakhulu, ebiza futhi evamise ukuvikelwa ngamalungelo obunikazi.Kodwa-ke, imakethe isishintshe kakhulu kusukela ngo-2012—amaphrinta okudla e-3D awasezona nje izimfundamakhwela ezifuna ukuvelela.
Enye Inyama
Eqinisweni, konke ukudla okunamathiselwe noma okuhlanzekile kungaphrintwa.Inyama ye-vegan ephrintiwe ye-3D manje ithola ukunakwa kakhulu.Abaningi abasafufusa babone amathuba amakhulu ebhizinisi kulo mzila.Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisekelwe esitshalweni zenyama yevegan ephrintiwe ye-3D zifaka imicu yephizi nerayisi.Inqubo ye-lay-by-layer kufanele yenze okuthile abakhiqizi bendabuko abakwazanga ukukwenza iminyaka eminingi: Inyama yemifino akufanele ibukeke njengenyama kuphela, kodwa futhi inambithe eduze nenkomo noma ingulube.Ngaphezu kwalokho, into ephrintiwe ayiseyona inyama ye-hamburger okulula ukuyilingisa: Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, inkampani yokuqala yakwa-Israeli "Redefining Meat" yethule i-filet mignon yokuqala ephrintiwe ye-3D.
Inyama Yangempela
Khonamanjalo, eJapan, abantu baye benza inqubekelaphambili enkulu nakakhulu: Ngo-2021, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yase-Osaka basebenzisa ama-stem cells avela ezinhlotsheni zenyama yenkomo esezingeni eliphezulu i-Wagyu ukuze bakhulise izicubu ezihlukahlukene zebhayoloji (amafutha, imisipha nemithambo yegazi), base besebenzisa amaphrinta e-3D ukuze baphrinte. Bahlanganiswe ndawonye.Abacwaningi banethemba lokulingisa nezinye izinyama eziyinkimbinkimbi ngale ndlela.Umenzi wezinsimbi zokunemba wase-Japan u-Shimadzu uhlela ukusebenzisana ne-Osaka University ukuze bakhe iphrinta ye-3D ekwazi ukukhiqiza ngobuningi le nyama ekhulisiwe ngo-2025.
Ushokoledi
Amaphrinta wasekhaya e-3D aseyivelakancane emhlabeni wokudla, kodwa amaphrinta kashokoledi we-3D angenye yezinto ezimbalwa ezihlukile.Amaphrinta we-3D kashokoledi abiza ngaphezulu kwama-Euro angama-500.Ibhulokhi likashokoledi eliqinile liba uketshezi ku-nozzle, bese lingaphrintwa libe yisimo esinqunyiwe noma umbhalo.Amakhekhe aseqalile ukusebenzisa amaphrinta we-3D kashokoledi ukuze enze izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma umbhalo ozoba nzima noma okungenzeki ukuwenza ngokwesiko.
I-Vegetarian Salmon
Ngesikhathi lapho i-salmon yasendle yase-Atlantic idotshwa ngokweqile, amasampula enyama avela emapulazini amakhulu ama-salmon angcoliswa cishe indawo yonke ngama-parasites, izinsalela zezidakamizwa (njengama-antibiotics), nezinsimbi ezisindayo.Njengamanje, abanye abaqalayo banikeza ezinye izindlela kubathengi abathanda i-salmon kodwa abangafuni ukuyidla le nhlanzi ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo noma zezempilo.Osomabhizinisi abasebasha e-Lovol Foods e-Austria bakhiqiza i-salmon ebhemayo besebenzisa amaprotheni ephizi (ukulingisa ukwakheka kwenyama), i-carrot extract (umbala) kanye nokhula lwasolwandle (ukuze banambitheke).
I-pizza
Ngisho ne-pizza ingaphrintwa nge-3D.Kodwa-ke, i-pizza yokuphrinta idinga imibhobho eminingana: eyodwa ngayinye yenhlama, enye ye-tomato sauce kanye neyodwa kashizi.Iphrinta ingaphrinta ama-pizza anomumo ohlukene ngenqubo yezigaba eziningi.Ukusebenzisa lezi zithako kuthatha iminithi kuphela.Okubi ukuthi izinto ezithandwa ngabantu azikwazi ukuphrintwa, futhi uma ufuna ukugcwalisa okuningi kune-base margherita pizza yakho enakho, kufanele uyengeze mathupha.
Ama-pizza aphrintwe nge-3D aba sematheni ngo-2013 ngenkathi i-NASA ixhasa ngezimali iphrojekthi okuhloswe ngayo ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okusha kosomkhathi bakusasa abavakashela i-Mars.
Amaphrinta e-3D asuka eSpanishi aqala Impilo Yemvelo angaphrinta i-pizza.Kodwa-ke, lo mshini uyabiza: iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yamanje ithengisa nge-$ 6,000.
Noodle
Emuva ngo-2016, umenzi we-pasta u-Barilla ubonise iphrinta ye-3D esebenzisa ufulawa we-durum kakolweni namanzi ukuze aphrinte i-pasta emimo engenakwenzeka ukuyithola ngezinqubo zokukhiqiza zendabuko.Maphakathi no-2022, i-Barilla yethule imiklamo yayo yokuqala engu-15 ephrintekayo ye-pasta.Amanani asukela kuma-euro angama-25 kuye kwangama-57 ngokuphakelwa ngakunye kwepasta yomuntu siqu, eqondiswe ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-06-2023